Shrub 3-7 m tall with gray rounded shoots. The leaves are alternate, rather large, rounded or obovate, with a short apex at the apex, heart-shaped bases, bi-toothed along the edge and, in addition, with several large teeth in the upper part, slightly pubescent, dark green above, lighter below. The fruit is a well-known brownish-yellow nut, sitting in a bell-shaped green plush.
Widespread in the undergrowth of mixed and deciduous forests. It grows throughout the European part of the country, also in Ukraine and the Transcaucasus.
Medicinal raw materials are fruits (nuts), leaves and stem bark.
Hazel fruits contain 62.1-71.6% fat, 14.4-18.4% protein, 2.2-2.6% nitrogen. Walnut oil contains unsaturated fatty acids: oleic, linoleic, myristic, palmitic, stearic. The leaves contain 0.04% essential oil and myricitroside glycoside, and the bark contains essential oil and tannins, floba-fens, lignocerine alcohol, betulin.
The composition of the fruit contains important substances, namely: protein, fats and vitamins. Protein serves as a general tonic. Unsaturated fatty acids lower cholesterol levels and increase blood phospholipids. Therefore, the chemicals in the nuts help improve metabolism. It is believed that in atherosclerosis the main role is played by a violation of cholesterol and protein metabolism. Cholesterol reduction under the action of nut oil occurs when bile acids are bound by fatty acids contained in the oil. In addition, walnut oil has a laxative and choleretic effect. A combination of three factors: increased bile secretion,
Nuts are very useful for the treatment and prevention of atherosclerosis and its consequences – heart attack and cerebral infarction. There is an opinion that hazel fruits are only a delicacy. We should not forget about their healing effect in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, which ranks first among diseases of the cardiovascular system.
Essential oil and other components of the hazel bark have antiseptic, vasoconstrictive and anti-inflammatory effects. It is recommended instead of the well-known imported raw material hamamelis for dilated veins, periphlebitis, leg ulcers and capillary hemorrhages.
A decoction of the leaves is recommended for the treatment of prostatic hypertrophy (prostate enlargement).
Application
The leaves and bark of hazel are used as an infusion: 1 tbsp. a spoonful of finely ground raw materials for 1 cup of boiling water (dose for 1 day).
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