Popular names: redhead, blackhead, colds, meadows, cones, etc.
Botanical characteristic. Rosaceae family. Perennial herbaceous plant. The root system consists of taproots – thick, flabby-woody and long large roots. The stem is straight, branched at the top, up to 1 m high. The leaves are oblong-ovate, sawtooth-toothed. The flowers are small, dark red, collected in dense, oblong capitate inflorescences on long stalks. Blooms in June – August; fruits ripen in August – September.
Spreading. It is found in large quantities in Siberia, the Far East, Kazakhstan, the Urals, and not often in the European part of the USSR. It grows in meadows, grass stands, pastures, forest edges, sparse forests, between shrubs, along rivers and reservoirs.
Medicinal raw materials. Use rhizomes with roots, which are harvested in autumn, in August – September, during the fruiting of plants. They are dug out with specially adapted shovels with trough-shaped rounded blades, cleaned from the ground, cut off from the above-ground parts, rotten, black roots and impurities are removed, washed in cold water, cut into pieces up to 15-20 cm long.
First, the raw materials are dried in the open air, and then laid out in a thin layer and dried in attics, in well-ventilated rooms or in ovens (dryers) at a temperature of 40-50 ° C. It is impossible to dry raw materials on iron pans and sieves, as it turns black when it comes into contact with it. When harvesting the roots, it will be necessary to leave 30 – 50% of the plants for the subsequent restoration of thickets. Raw materials are stored up to 5 years in a dry place and away from light.
Chemical composition. The rhizomes and roots contain up to 20% of tannins, mainly the pyrogallic group, gallic and ellagic acids, within 29% of starch, essential oil, mineral salts, phytoncides, and in the leaves – up to 0.9% ascorbic acid.
pharmacological properties. As a medicinal plant, burnet has been known since time immemorial. The studies of N. V. Vershinin, B. I. Tokin and their colleagues found that a decoction of the plant’s roots has an astringent, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and analgesic effect. The bactericidal action of the decoction manifests itself for 5-15 minutes, especially in relation to viruses of the dysentery and paratyphoid groups. In addition, a decoction of the roots inhibits intestinal motility, and the extract, when used externally, acts as an anti-inflammatory and vasoconstrictor.
Application. Rhizomes with roots are used as an astringent in the form of a decoction or liquid extract for all kinds of non-infectious gastrointestinal diseases accompanied by diarrhea, inflammation and ulcers of the stomach and intestines. As a hemostatic agent for all kinds of bleeding – pulmonary, gastric, intestinal, uterine, with bloody diarrhea. As an anti-inflammatory agent, decoctions of the roots (1:10) are used externally in the form of irrigation for burns, also for inflammation of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, pharynx, nose and vagina.
For calves, a decoction of burnet 1:10 – 1:20 is recommended inside as an astringent, hemostatic and diaphoretic at a dose of 3-5 ml / kg, that is, a calf weighing 30 – 40 kg is given 1/2 cup; with dyspepsia – 1 glass. The drug is prescribed 3-4 times every day for 1 hour before drinking colostrum. To prepare a decoction under production conditions, it will be necessary to pour the number of finely chopped roots into boiling water, boil for 30 minutes, cool and filter.
Doses inside: cattle and horses 20-40 g, small cattle and pigs 5-15, piglets and lambs 1-3, dogs 1-3, foxes and arctic foxes 0.5-2 g 3 times a day.
calf
Rp.: Decocti radicis Sangiussorbae 1:10-1000.0
DS 1 cup 4 times daily before drinking colostrum for dyspepsia.
dog
Rp.: Extracti Sangisorbae 30.0
DS 40 drops 3 times daily as a hemostatic.