mauritiana); Moorish mallow; Prosvirnik Moorish
Biennial herbaceous sparsely hairy or almost glabrous plant of the mallow family. The stem is erect, cylindrical, simple or branched from the base, 50-150 (250) cm high. The leaves are alternate, long-petiolate, 5-7-lobed, rounded, densely pubescent at the base, notched-toothed along the edge. The flowers are regular, bisexual, on long peduncles, 2-5 each in the axils of the leaves; corolla – from 5 large, broadly inverted-ovate, slightly notched at the top, violet-purple, with dark veins petals, 4-5 times longer than the calyx. The fruit consists of numerous carpels-seeds arranged in a ring. Blooms in July – August.
Spread. Moorish sandflies can be found in littered places, near bogs, in gardens, in ravines, in meadows throughout the territory of Ukraine.
Procurement and storage . Roots (Radix Malvae silvestris), leaves (Folia Malvae silvestris), flowers (Flores Malvae silvestris) or grass (Herba Malvae silvestris) are used to make medicines. The leaves or the entire aerial part (grass) are harvested during the flowering of the plant. The leaves are cut so that the remains of the petioles do not exceed 2 cm. The flowers are cut before they open, with cups, but without peduncles. Roots are dug in autumn. On the first day, the collected raw materials are dried in the sun, and then dried under shelter. Dry leaves yield 16-17%, flowers – 18%, grass – 22%. Store raw materials in a dry place.
Chemical composition . All parts of the plant, especially the roots, contain mucilaginous substances.
Pharmacological properties and use. Calachiki Moorish have a softening, expectorant, enveloping, soothing and pain-relieving effect. Mucus has a large adsorption surface and has an antitoxic effect. Preparations of Moorish kalachyki are taken orally for diseases of the respiratory tract (bronchitis, dry uncontrollable cough, hoarseness, etc.), for inflammatory processes in the stomach and intestines, and for diarrhea. To enhance the therapeutic effect, the flowers and leaves of the Moorish marigold are combined with the flowers of common buckwheat, common buckwheat, and wild poppy, and with the herb of medicinal honeysuckle. Externally, in the form of rinses, washes, lotions, and poultices, Moorish kalachiki are used for gingivitis, inflammatory conditions of the upper respiratory tract, angina and hemorrhoids, and for the treatment of burns, wounds, ulcers, various forms of dyshidrosis, and other skin diseases. Often, the Moorish kelp is used as a substitute for medicinal algae. The curative and preventive diet includes salads made from young leaves of kalachyki. The roots of the Moorish sedum are often used as a substitute for the roots of the medicinal althea.
Medicinal forms and applications .
Internally – infusion of flowers or leaves (1 tablespoon of raw material per 400 ml of boiling water, infuse for 1 hour) half a glass 3 times a day before meals, sweetened with honey;
infusion of leaves (2 teaspoons of raw material per 200 ml of cold boiled water, infuse for 3-5 hours) drink in sips of 1 glass per day;
a steam of a mixture (equally) of the flowers of the Moorish kalachyki, ordinary buckwheat, ordinary subwhite, wild poppy and medicinal honeysuckle herb (50 g of the mixture per 1 liter of boiling water, steamed overnight in a thermos) 1 glass 5 times a day;
salad – washed kalachyk leaves are dipped in boiling water for 1 minute, chopped, onions, horseradish and salt are added, mixed, dressed with cream (for 100 g of kalachyk leaves, take 25 g of onion, 25 g of grated horseradish, 20 g of cream and salt).
Externally – a decoction of a mixture of flowers and leaves of the Moorish sedge (1 tablespoon each in 1 glass of water) for rinsing and lotions;
infusion of a mixture (equally) of the flowers of the Moorish sedum, Althea altea, black elderberry and dense-flowered wild wort (1-2 teaspoons of the mixture per 200 ml of boiling water) for rinsing and lotions;
the warm residue after straining the infusion of flowers or leaves of kalachyki is applied to burns 2-3 times a day in the form of poultices;
infusion of the petals of kalachyki (two bundles per 200 ml of boiling water, infuse for 10 minutes) is used warm for compresses for fissures of the anus (Fissura ani);
lotion – 2 tablespoons of leaves of Moorish sedges are infused in 300 ml of cold boiled water for 1 hour and used for compresses (lotions) in case of excessive oiliness of the skin of the face;
a mixture of wild sedge grass (200 g), wormwood grass, medicinal chamomile flowers, oat grains (150 g each) is poured with 5 liters of boiling water, infused during the day, boiled in the evening and added to the bath, which is taken at night when the spleen is enlarged (the duration of the procedure is 20-30 minutes).