Jaundice spreading (f. scattered or f. gray). Erysimum diffusum Echrh. ( E. Canescens Roth. ) . The Ukrainian name is zhovtushnik siruvatiy.
Cruciferous family – Brassicaceae (Cruciferae).
Herbs and seeds are used for medicinal purposes.
It occurs almost throughout Ukraine, with the exception of the wormwood Steppe and the Carpathians. Grows on steppe and steppe slopes of gullies and river valleys, dry meadows, roadsides, all kinds of outcrops traditionally in small groups, without forming thickets. In some years with a wet spring it appears in large quantities, in others it is almost absent.
Stocks of raw materials are small. Industrial blanks are impractical. The plant is introduced into industrial culture. Cultivated in state farms of Ukraine. Crops are applied in the second year.
Spreading jaundice is a biennial herbaceous plant with a taproot, slightly branched root.
Stems solitary or several, 30-90 cm high, branched, with ascending branches. The whole plant is pubescent with bifid hairs. The leaves are alternate, elongated or linear, the lower ones are blunt, gradually tapering into a petiole, the rest are sessile, shortly pointed, entire or serrated. Flowers in long apical racemes. The petals are yellow, almost twice as long as the sepals. Fruits are tetrahedral pods directed obliquely upwards, grayish from branched hairs, greenish along the ribs, 4-9 cm long. Seeds are yellowish-brown. Blooms in May – June. The fruits ripen in June – July.
Grass is harvested during the flowering period (May-June), cutting with headers or hay harvesters 10-15 cm from the soil. The blank is used to obtain fresh juice.
The yield is 15-25 c/ha.
According to FS 42-409-72, the raw material consists of grass up to 30 cm long with leaves, flowers and unripe fruits. Color greyish green. The smell is weak. Taste is not determined (poisonous). Water is at least 65%. In raw materials, no more is allowed: herbs of a different color – 3, organic and mineral impurities 1% each. Packed in open boxes or baskets. Workpieces are processed at the factory every day. You can store no more than 48 hours. According to FS 42-683-73 GOST 3893-47, raw materials are harvested in the flowering phase. Dry in dryers at a temperature of 50-60 degrees. The end of drying is determined by the fragility of the stems. The yield of dry raw materials is 20-25%.
The raw material consists of thin branched stems within 30 cm long, together with inflorescences. The color of the stems and leaves is grayish-green, the pods are whitish with green edges. Humidity no more than 14%.
In raw materials, no more is allowed: herbs of non-standard color – 3%, fruits – 5, organic impurities (parts of other plants) – 2, mineral impurities 1%.
Packed in bales of 50, in bags of 10-15 kg. Storage period up to a year.
The herb contains cardiac glycosides (eryzimin, erizid, etc.). Applied as a cardiotonic agent in the form of a product of eryzimine. Fresh juice from the herb is part of the cardiovalen combination product. The product erysimoside is obtained from the seeds.