Popular names: jaundice, jaundice, surepa, toriza.
Botanical characteristic. Cruciferous family. An annual herbaceous plant. The root is taproot, white with a characteristic odor when rubbed. The stem is straight, branched, furrowed, 25-80 cm high, with oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate leaves, seated with sparse, appressed tripartite hairs. The flowers are small, bright yellow. Blooms from May to September (Fig. 20).
Spreading. It grows like a weed in dry meadows, fields, vegetable gardens, embankments, fallow lands, garbage places, forest edges, glades, grassy slopes, along cliffs, along roads in the forest-steppe regions of the European part of the USSR, in the Urals, in Siberia to Kamchatka and Sakhalin, in the Caucasus .
Medicinal raw materials. Use the grass collected during flowering. Cut off only the upper leafy parts of the stems up to 30 cm long. Dry immediately in the open air in the shade, in attics under an iron roof or in dryers at a temperature within 50 ° C. It is stored for 6 months under lock and key – list A. Gray jaundice is also allowed for use – E. canescens Roth.
Chemical composition. The most studied jaundice gray, cultivated in Ukraine and in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Eryzimin glycoside has been isolated from the jaundice herb, which, by its effect on the body, resembles strophanthus.
pharmacological properties. Jaundice has long been used as a heart and diuretic. It has been established that its products have a beneficial effect on the heart, especially weakened. They increase systolic contractions of the heart and slow down the pace, lengthen diastolic relaxation, increase cardiac output and stroke volume. Blood pressure rises, at the same time the pulse wave increases, breathing deepens and quickens. Compared with strophanthin, jaundice acts somewhat softer and slower and has less toxicity. Unlike foxglove, jaundice products have a beneficial effect on coronary blood flow and do not have cumulative properties.
Application. Plant preparations are recommended for heart failure, angina pectoris, cardiosclerosis and other heart diseases in the same cases as strophanthin. Jaundice glycosides enhance the excretory function of the kidneys, have a pronounced calming effect on the central nervous system. Dose of infusion (1:20) for calves: 1 tablespoon 3-4 times every day; 10% alcohol tincture 20-30 drops 3-4 times every day.
In practice, the juice of the plant is used, which is part of the cardiovalen (jaundice spreading juice – 17.2 ml, adonizide – 30.3 ml, valerian root tincture – 48.6 ml, liquid hawthorn extract – 2.2 ml, camphor – 0, 4 g, sodium bromide – 2 g, alcohol 95% – 1.6 ml, chlorobutanol hydrate – 0.25 g). In 1 ml is 45-55 ICE. Dose for calves (approximately): 10-15 drops per reception 1-2 times every day.