Dinya posіvna (Melo sativus); common melon
An annual herbaceous, rough-pubescent plant of the gourd family. The stem is indistinct, climbing, up to 3 m long. The leaves are alternate, round-heart-shaped, five-lobed, toothed, 6-20 cm long. Flowers are unisexual, rarely bisexual; stamens – on short legs, collected in thin axillary bundles; Pistillate — single. The corolla is wheel-shaped, five-parted, bright yellow. The fruit is berry-like, many-seeded, greenish or yellowish, spherical, oval or elongated. Blooms in July – August. Fruits in August – September.
Distribution . Comes from South Asia. It is widely grown in Ukraine, mainly in the southern regions.
Raw. Fruits are used for medicinal purposes. Fruits are used fresh; the reserve is dried, processed into candied fruit, jams, jams, marinades, etc.
The plant is unofficial .
Chemical composition . Fruits contain organic acids, sugars (16-18%), pectin substances, vitamins (E, C, B 6 , B 2 , carotene, nicotinic, pantothenic and folic acids), fiber, nitrogenous and mineral substances.
Pharmacological properties and use. Melon fruit is used as a mild laxative, diuretic and choleretic agent for diseases of the urinary tract, cardiovascular system and biliary tract, for metabolic disorders (gout, kidney stone disease, etc.), for hemorrhoids, throat diseases and chronic cough, and for worms . Gentle fiber increases the peristalsis of the intestines and promotes the removal of cholesterol. Due to the presence of a large amount of folic acid in the melon, it is useful for anemia, liver diseases and atherosclerosis. Excessive use of melon causes abdominal pain, diarrhea. For cosmetic purposes, the juice of the seed melon is used to remove pigment spots, acne and wrinkles. For this purpose, melon masks are prepared: first wash with warm water, apply a thin layer of crushed pulp of the fruit on the face, after 10-15 minutes. m’