Name: Divina zaliznyakovidna – medicinal mullein
Verbascum phlomoides ; medicinal mullein
A two- or one-year herbaceous downy plant of the morning glory family. The stem is simple, erect, 50-200 cm tall. The lower leaves are gradually narrowed into petioles, elliptic-lanceolate; the middle and upper ones are ovoid, sessile, slightly converging on the internodes of the stem. The flowers are bisexual, irregular, yellow, collected in bunches of 2-4 and form an intermittent spike-shaped inflorescence. The fruit is a box. Blooms in June – July.
Distribution . It grows in open places, on slopes, sands and near roads mainly in Transcarpathia.
Procurement and storage . Flowers (Flores Verbasci) are used to make medicine. Collect only corollas with stamens, pulling them out of the calyx. Harvesting is carried out in sunny weather after the dew falls and, preferably, in the first half of the day, because the flower lasts only one day. In the evening, the corolla withers and becomes unusable. Dry the flowers immediately after picking in the shade in the open air, in the attic or in a warm room with good ventilation, spreading them in a thin layer on a cloth or paper. 16-18% of dry raw material is obtained. They are stored in metal boxes or in glass containers with a ground cork. The validity period is 1 year. Previously, the plant was part of the State Pharmacopoeia of the USSR.
Chemical composition . The raw material contains up to 2.5% mucus, saponins, gum, about 11% sugars (including 3.5% glucose), iridoid glycoside aucubin, flavonoid hesperidin, carotenoids (α-crocetin and β-carotene), tannins , ascorbic acid and traces of essential oil.
Pharmacological properties and use. Preparations of the Ferruginous Miracle have softening, expectorant, antispasmodic and mild narcotic effects. They suppress pain, reduce spasms, tissue swelling. As an enveloping, pain-relieving and expectorant agent, the plant is included in the pharmacopoeias of many countries of the world. Separately or in combination with plants with similar effects, the Ferruginous plant is used for inflammation of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, cough, whooping cough, bronchitis, bronchial asthma, emphysema and inflammation of the lungs, hemoptysis, diseases of the digestive tract, liver and spleen, in cases of pathological weight loss or nervous exhaustion. Locally used: tincture of flowers – for rubbing with neuralgia and pain in the joints; flower powder – for sprinkling on cracks, bruises and wounds previously lubricated with carrot juice; poultices of flowers together with leaves – for wounds, inflammatory foci and burns; sitz baths of flowers or roots – when hemorrhoidal knots are pinched. The flowers of the Ferruginous plant are part of breast teas.
Medicinal forms and applications .
Internally – infusion of flowers (1 tablespoon of flowers per 200 ml of boiling water) 1 tablespoon every 3 hours as a softening and expectorant;
Boil 15 g of a mixture of equal parts of the flowers of the sedum and the roots of the medicinal altea in 200 ml of water for 15-20 minutes, filter, add 200 g of sugar, boil until syrup is obtained and give children to drink 3-4 teaspoons per day when coughing;
a mixture of 1 tablespoon of the flowers of the Ferruginous plant and 1 teaspoon each of the flowers of marigold and chamomile are boiled in 1 glass of water for 5 minutes, cooled, filtered, 1 tablespoon of sugar is added and given to children to drink instead of fish oil, 1 tablespoon each spoon three times a day for weight loss or nervous exhaustion;
pour one teaspoon of a mixture of equal parts of the flowers of Divina zaliznyakovydna, flowers of the forest sedum, flowers of sand cypress and flowers of altea with 1 cup of boiling water, boil for 5 minutes. and drink 1-2 glasses per day for cough in adults;
pour one tablespoon of a mixture of equal parts of the flowers of the Ferruginous plant, the flowers of the forest kalachiki, the flowers of the black elder, the flowers of the heart-leaved linden and dried raspberry berries in a thermos with 2 cups of boiling water, steam for half an hour and drink it hot at night as a diaphoretic.
Externally – four handfuls of flowers or crushed roots of the Ferruginous plant are brewed in 5 liters of boiling water, infused until cooled, and the resulting infusion is used for a 15-minute sitting cold bath when hemorrhoids are pinched, repeating the procedure after 2 days.