CULTIVATED GRAPES ( NOBLE (REAL) GRAPES )
A large climbing vine, climbing with the help of antennae, reaching 30-40 m in length. The bark on old stems is brown, furrowed, on young stems it is yellowish or reddish. Twigs glabrous, sometimes with flaky pubescence. The leaves are alternate, petiolate, with early falling stipules, traditionally three-, five-lobed or dissected. Antennae opposite leaves, branched. The flowers are small, inconspicuous, numerous, bisexual or functionally pistillate (functional stamens are not often found). Corolla yellowish-green, five-membered, five stamens, ovary superior, bilocular, style short, stigma inconspicuous. The fruits are berries in clusters, traditionally with a wax coating. Seeds – 1 – 7 per berry, with a beak. Seedless varieties are available. Blossoms in May-June, fruits ripen in August-September.
Medicinal raw materials are fruits and leaves. Fruits contain many sugars – glucosides and fructose, flobafen, gallic acid, quartzetin, enine; glycosides – monodolfidine and didelphinidin; acids: malic, phosphoric, silicic, salicylic, tartaric, citric, succinic, formic and oxalic in a non-cordial amount; salts of potassium, calcium, iron, magnesium and vitamins Bj, B2, A, C.
The seeds contain tannins, flabophenes, lecithin, vinimine and fatty oil.
Sugar, inosid, quartzetin, tannins, carotene, choline, betaine, aloxur bases, tartaric, malic, ascorbic and protocatechuic acids, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, iron, silicon were found in the leaves of common grapes.
Since ancient times, grapes have been used to treat diseases of the metabolism, liver, kidneys, lungs, and cardiovascular system.
In modern medicine, grapes are used especially for diseases of the heart, bronchi, kidneys, liver, gout, exhaustion of the nervous system, hypertension, and as a general tonic.
The therapeutic effect of grapes is due, first of all, to the content of a large amount of glucose and potassium salts.
Grape juice acts like alkaline waters, but with the advantage that it is dominated by salts of potassium, iron, phosphoric and silicic acids, while alkaline waters contain more sodium and chlorine ions. That is why grapes are especially recommended for people prone to uric acid diathesis. It promotes the excretion of uric acid from the body, prevents the formation of stones.
In addition, long-term treatment with grape juice regulates blood pressure. When prescribing grapes or its juice for medicinal purposes, it is necessary to limit other fruits and vegetables, as well as milk, kvass, mineral waters and alcoholic beverages, since when used together, fermentation processes increase and intestinal dysfunction may occur. In the treatment of grapes, it is recommended to prescribe non-fatiguing walks.
Application
The amount of grapes prescribed is individual, but they always start with small doses: 200-300 g, gradually reaching 2 or even 3 kg per day. Grapes should be eaten on an empty stomach 1.5-2 hours before a meal. The course of treatment lasts one to one and a half months. For gout, not only fresh juice (grapes) is used, but also raisins. Canned grape juice can also be used for treatment, while it should be borne in mind that there are fewer vitamins in it.
Grape leaves in the form of an infusion are prescribed for violations of the metabolism of oxalic acid, as they contribute to its excretion.
In addition to the above, grape juice is used for reduced nutrition, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (chronic gastritis with increased secretion of gastric contents, spastic and atonic constipation), chronic bronchitis, mild to moderate bronchial asthma, pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic nephritis and neurosis. – nephritis (without hypotension and edema), chronic urethritis and urocystitis, hemorrhoids, metabolic disorders, anemia, gouty diseases, etc.
In folk medicine, grapes are used for the same purposes as in scientific medicine, for kidney diseases, kidney stones, stones in the liver and gallbladder, for hemorrhoids, etc.
The juice of unripe grapes is used as an antipyretic, also for sore throats and mouth ulcers. Raisins are prescribed for coughs and bladder diseases as a diuretic and mild laxative.
The leaves are widely used. An infusion of them is used for rinsing with sore throats and for washing with skin diseases.
An infusion of leaves collected in May is recommended for hypertension. Powder from the dried leaves of 2-4 g inside is given as a uterine hemostatic.
Grapes, falling on carious teeth, increase their destruction, therefore, before treating with grapes, teeth must be cured. To protect the teeth, it is recommended to rinse the mouth with a solution of tea soda after each grape intake.
And also pay attention to the article Noble grapes (real)