Butterbur hybrid, or medicinal (podbel hybrid, or medicinal) – Petasites hybridus (L.) G a e g t n . (P. officinalis Moench). The Ukrainian name is flint hybrid , flint likarska, popular names are butterbur, podbel, water burdock, mother liquor, etc.
Compositae family – Asteraceae (Compositae).
Leaves are used for medicinal purposes.
It occurs often and in large numbers in the Carpathians, much less frequently in Polissya, in the Forest-Steppe and Crimea. It grows along the banks of streams, small rivers, forming borders, also in places where soil water comes out on slopes. The main thickets are concentrated in the Transcarpathian, Lvov, Ivano-Frankivsk, Chernivtsi, less – in the Ternopil and Khmelnytsky regions.
Stocks of raw materials are large. Several tons of raw materials can be prepared annually.
Butterbur hybrid is a perennial herbaceous plant. Horizontal, thick (up to 2-3 cm in diameter) rhizomes up to 1-1.5 m long are located on the plane or in the upper soil layer. Thin roots depart from the thickened nodes.
Flower stems (arrows) up to 50-60 cm high, reddish, woolly-pubescent, covered with scale-like, stem-bearing leaves, which have small rounded plates in the lower part of the stem. Arrows appear early in spring before the leaves grow (April), and die off in the second half of May-first half of June after fruiting. True green leaves forming rosettes develop after flowering. They are very large (50-70 cm in diameter), round, with a heart-shaped base, angularly unequally toothed, thin, grayish-green below, soft-haired, with longish (up to 10-15 cm) thick petioles. The flowers are dirty purple, collected in baskets 5-6 mm long. The latter form brushes on the tops of the stems. The fruits are achenes with a tuft. The plant blooms in the second half of April – the first half of May. The fruits ripen in May.
It is impossible to collect leaves of other species of this genus, as well as plants from the genus coltsfoot, instead of the leaves of the hybrid hybrid.
Leaves are harvested at the beginning of summer (June-July), when they are not yet covered with rust spots. They cut off leaf blades without petioles with knives or sickles and put them in large baskets.
The raw materials are dried in attics under an iron roof or under paves with good ventilation, hanging in one row on twine or spreading in one layer on paper or cloth. Drying is stopped when the thickest veins of the plate break.
According to FS 42-54-72, the raw material consists of whole or partially broken leaf blades, green above, gray tomentose below from pubescence, more than 60 cm in diameter, with thick petioles. The smell is weak. The taste is salty. Humidity is not higher than 13%. In raw materials, no more than (percent) is allowed: yellowed and browned leaves – 5, crushed parts passing through a sieve with a hole diameter of 1 mm – 3, organic impurities – 2, mineral – 1.
Raw materials are packed in bags of 15-20 kg. Store in a packaged form in a dry, well-ventilated area on a pallet or racks. Storage period 3 years.
The chemical composition is not well understood. The leaves contained traces of alkaloids, ascorbic acid.
Used for coughs and as a wound healing agent. Included in the composition for the preparation of the mixture of M. N. Zdrenko.