Injuries to the female genital organs develop as a result of falls, especially on sharp and piercing objects, during intercourse, when hard and sharp objects, instruments (bougie, metal catheters, dilators, etc.) are introduced into the vagina and uterine cavity.
Types of genital trauma
In the practice of obstetrics and gynecology, damage to the genital organs outside the birth act is observed quite infrequently. They are classified as follows:
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- breaks during sexual intercourse;
- damage caused by foreign bodies in the genital tract;
- injury to the external genitalia and vagina of a domestic and industrial nature, caused by any sharp object;
- bruises of the genitals, crush;
- stab, cut and gunshot wounds of the genital organs; injuries due to medical practice.
Symptoms of genital trauma
Injury to the external genitalia is manifested by bleeding, the formation of a hematoma, often extensive, in the region of the labia majora and labia minora, in the vaginal region. If the clitoris is damaged, where there is an extensive vascular network, bleeding can be very profuse.
Treatment of genital injuries
Regardless of the cause of the damage, a thorough examination in a hospital is required to determine its volume, which includes, along with the initial examination, special methods (rectoscopy, cystoscopy, radiography, ultrasonography and NMR, etc.).
Treatment of genital injuries is usually surgical. It consists in careful treatment of the wound, stopping bleeding by ligation of vessels or with the help of tamponade. Less often, suturing is performed on the gap (if the condition of a fresh “uncontaminated” wound is observed). For injuries penetrating the vaginal fornix, a laparotomy is indicated. At the same time, anti-shock measures are performed, tetanus toxoid is administered, and the inflammatory process is prevented and treated.