Tooth fracture

Tooth fracture – damage to the tooth with a violation of the integrity of its crown or root. Trauma to the teeth may be accompanied by the destruction of the tooth socket, fractures of the alveolar process or jaws.

Distinguish:

• incomplete fractures (without opening the pulp):
• cracks in enamel and dentin;
• marginal fracture of the crown in the enamel zone;
• marginal fracture of the crown in the zone of enamel and dentin;
• complete fractures (with opening of the pulp) – open and closed:
• neck of the tooth;
• root;
• root tops.

The reasons

The cause of a tooth fracture can be a blow, a fall, a sports injury, etc.

Symptoms

Severe pain, the intensity of which increases when you try to open your mouth; may be associated with signs of damage to the dental bed. When the enamel was broken off, complaints of mild pain from touch. With a fracture within the dentin, the pain is stronger. When the pulp is exposed, spontaneous pain increases sharply when the mouth is opened.

Diagnosis

An x-ray examination is required.

Treatment

When the pulp is exposed and there are signs of its inflammation, when it is not exposed, a vital extirpation is performed (conductive anesthesia). A root fracture requires its removal. In case of breakage of enamel and partly dentin – observation, and further cosmetic restoration of the crown.

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