Myoma

Myoma is a benign tumor that develops in the wall of the uterus from immature muscle cells. Myoma occurs quite often, according to medical statistics, it is found in 20% of all women who have reached the age of 30. Moreover, in the bulk of cases, not one, but several tumor nodes of various sizes appear in the wall of the uterus. Fibroids are different, some can “sit” in the wall of the uterus, others bulge into the abdominal cavity, 30% – into the uterine cavity.

Symptoms and course

It is manifested by cyclic uterine bleeding (menorrhagia), against which acyclic (metrorrhagia) are observed. If the tumor grows towards the bladder and rectum, then there is a feeling of squeezing these organs. Tumor growth is relatively slow, sometimes asymptomatic.

The reasons

The main root cause of the disease is a hormonal shift, namely, an increased content of female sex hormones in the body. Therefore, fibroids almost never bother young girls and women who have entered menopause. But from 25 to 50 years, the chances of getting it are very high. This probability increases especially sharply during pregnancy, with inflammatory processes of the genital organs and a general decrease in immunity. Scientists name several factors that can provoke uterine fibroids:

  • hereditary predisposition;
  • problems with the menstrual cycle;
  • infertility and miscarriage;
  • metabolic disorders (obesity, diabetes mellitus);
  • numerous abortions.

In addition, not so long ago, scientists discovered that there is a direct link between uterine fibroids and stress.

Treatment

Dynamic observation: gynecological examinations after 3 months, in childbearing age – after the end of menstruation. Indications for surgical intervention are: rapid growth of the tumor, its growth in the lumen of the uterine cavity, fibroids exceeding the size of a 12-13-week pregnancy, heavy uterine bleeding leading to anemia, symptoms of compression of adjacent organs, necrosis (malnutrition) of the tumor node. The operation can be palliative – exfoliation of fibroids or radical – removal of the uterus.