Exanthema sudden

Sudden exanthema– an acute viral infection of infants or toddlers, traditionally initially manifested by high fever, followed by the appearance of a maculopapular rash simultaneously with an increase in body temperature or after its normalization. The causative agent is an unclassified herpesvirus type 6. Epidemiology. A widespread childhood infection that affects up to 30% of all babies from 6 weeks to 3 years of age. The mechanism of transmission is poorly understood, presumably airborne. The peak incidence is spring and autumn. The incubation period is 5-15 days. The clinical picture. The disease begins acutely with a sudden rise in body temperature to 39-40.5 ° C. The temperature period lasts 3-5 days. The temperature drops lytically after the disappearance of the fever, pink maculopapular rashes on the skin are found (they persist from several hours to several days). Eruptions are slightly raised above the surface of the skin, found in large numbers on the trunk, arms and neck, more moderate on the face and legs. Anorexia, irritability, lethargy, and enlargement of the cervical and posterior ear lymph nodes are also characteristic. In rare cases, enlargement of the liver and spleen is likely.

Research methods

- Blood test: leukopenia with relative lymphocytosis
- Serological reactions: detection of IgM, IgG to HSV type 6 (YaU-6)
- Serum PCR for YAK-6. Differential Diagnosis
- Sepsis
- Urinary tract infections
- Rubella
- Measles
- Infectious erythema
- Enteroviral infections
- Otitis
- Meningitis
- bacterial pneumonia
- Reactions to drugs.

Treatment. Drugs of choice

- Antipyretic drugs, for example paracetamol, – according to indications. Aspirin is not recommended due to the risk of developing Reye’s syndrome
- Phenobarbital nbsp; – for stopping convulsive attacks. Diet. Increased fluid intake (juices, compotes).

Complications

- Seizures due to high body temperature
- Encephalitis (not common)
- Meningitis.

Current and forecast. The course is acute benign, full recovery without complications. A single illness caused permanent immunity.

Synonyms

- Sudden exanthema
- Pseudo-rubella
- The sixth disease of the ICD. B08.2 Sudden exanthema (sixth disease)