Schistosomiasis Manson

Schistosomiasis Manson

Schistosomiasis Manson– tropical helminthiasis (trematodosis), occurring with allergic manifestations and signs of damage to the mucous membrane of the colon by migrating helminth eggs. Etiology. The causative agent is the trematode Schistosoma mansoni of the family Schistosomatidae. Epidemiology. Natural reservoir – all kinds of rodents. Man is an accidental host. Adult worms live in the venous system of the intestine. The eggs pass through the walls of the intestine and are excreted in the feces or urine into the environment. After entering a freshwater reservoir, the parasite goes through an intermediate cycle of development in the body of molluscs of the genera Biomphalaria, Australorbis, and Tropicorbis. In the body of the final host (when staying in water), the larvae penetrate through the skin and migrate into the intestinal veins. Endemic areas – Africa, Middle East, Antilles, Hawaiian Islands, Florida.

Clinical picture

• • The disease is often asymptomatic. A detailed clinical picture, especially during primary infection, is observed only in Europeans. During the first 24 hours, urticarial itchy rash, fever, cough are detected (after 1-2 days). On days 15–20, fever occurs with a high constant body temperature (Katayama fever), an enlarged liver and spleen, lymphadenitis, eosinophilia, and acute enteritis with blood in the stool.
  • In the acute stage of intestinal damage, the appearance of Schistosoma mansoni eggs in the mucous membrane and intestinal lumen is characteristic. On days 40–55, severe dysentery syndrome develops with fever, severe weakness, lack of appetite, weight loss, and abdominal pain. The condition may last 6-12 months.
  • The chronic stage is characterized by multiple damage to organs and systems of the body: cor pulmonale syndrome and chronic interstitial pneumonia, schistosome appendicitis, vulvovaginitis, CNS damage.

Research methods

• • Recto- or colonofibroscopy: schistosomia tubercles are detected
  • Detection of pathogen eggs in feces
  • Biopsy and cystoscopy of the intestine followed by microscopy
  • X-ray examination reveals calcification of the organs of the genitourinary system, sections of the intestine
  • When conducting epidemiological studies, skin tests with schistosome Ag are performed.

Differential Diagnosis

• • Gastoenteritis, enterocolitis of various etiologies
  • Malignant neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract
  • Allergic diseases.

Treatment – see Urogenital schistosomiasis. The course of the disease is long with a gradual transition to a chronic form.

Synonyms

• Intestinal bilharziasis
• Intestinal Schistosomiasis
• Schistosomal dysentery
• Intestinal schistosomiasis ICD. B65.1 Schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma mansoni (intestinal schistosomiasis) Literature. 129:289-295