Cystitis

Cystitis

Cystitis is an inflammation of the bladder. Frequency – 33% of the adult population has had cystitis during their lifetime. The vast majority of cases are women, because the female urethra is shorter and wider than the male and is located close to the anus.

Etiology

• • Infection: in 90% of cases – E. coli, as well as Candida albicans, Trichomonas vaginalis, etc.
  • Ionizing radiation (radiation cystitis).

 

Risk factors

• • Pregnancy
  • Diabetes
  • Endoscopic procedures in the bladder
  • Infravesical obstruction (benign prostatic hyperplasia, urethral stricture, etc.).

 

Clinical picture

• • Lower abdominal pain
  • Dysuria (frequent urgency, pain during urination, nocturia)
  • An increase in body temperature, intoxication
  • doesn’t poop often.

 

Laboratory research

• • Complete blood test: slight leukocytosis
  • General urine test: true bacteriuria, leukocyturia, possible erythrocyturia, the appearance of protein and an increase in the number of epithelial cells.

 

Special research methods

• • Ultrasound: wall thickening, content inhomogeneity
  • Cystoscopy: hyperemia and edema of the bladder mucosa.

 

Treatment:

• • Personal hygiene
  • Plentiful drink
  • Antibacterial therapy
  • For uncomplicated cystitis – one time
  • Drugs of choice – furadonin 200 mg, co-trimoxazole 320/1600 mg, trimethoprim 400 mg 
  • Ampicillin nbsp; 3.5 g
  • Amoxicillin 3 g
  • I generation cephalosporins, for example cephalexin 2 g
  • In a complicated form or the presence of risk factors for ascending infection (for example, in diabetes mellitus), antimicrobial therapy is continued for 3-10 days
  • Co-trimoxazole 160/800 mg 2 r / day
  • Amoxicillin 250 mg every 8 hours
  • Doxycillin 100 mg every 12 hours
  • Trimethoprim 100 mg every 12 hours
  • Furadonin 50-100 mg every 6 hours
  • precautionary measures. Tetracycline , co-trimoxazole, furadonin, trimethoprim are contraindicated in pregnancy.

 

Complications

• • Chronization of the process with frequent relapses
  • Pyelonephritis.

Age features – after the onset of menopause, the vaginal flora changes to intestinal, which leads to an increase in morbidity. Pregnancy – urinary stasis that occurs in the third trimester of pregnancy contributes to the development of cystitis. See also Pyelonephritis ICD N30 Cystitis