Popular names: scrofulous grass, succession, goat horns, trailer, swamp arrow, bident, dog lover.
THREE-PARTITION SERIES (Bidens tripartita L.)An annual herbaceous plant of the Compositae family, up to 1 m high. The root is taproot, strongly branched, thin. Stem solitary, erect, reddish, oppositely branching above. The leaves are opposite, with short winged petioles, tripartite. The flowers are dirty yellow, all tubular, collected in single baskets at the top of the stem and opposite axillary shoots, the involucre of the basket is 2-rowed. The fruit is an obovate, wedge-shaped, flattened achene with two serrated awns. Thanks to these awns, the fruits easily cling to animal hair, human clothing and are carried over long distances. Blooms from late June to September, fruits ripen in late September – October. Distributed in almost the entire European part of the CIS, in Siberia, Central Asia, the Caucasus and the Far East. Grows along wet river banks along reclamation canals, near ponds and lakes, in swamps, in ditches, where it often forms thickets. Scattered in meadows, as a weed in gardens and fields. A succession is a warm and moisture-loving plant. In cold rainy springs, it grows slowly and develops poorly. The popularity of the series used to be so great that it was harvested in 29 provinces of tsarist Russia. Used only domestically; in the West, its therapeutic effect was not recognized, but it was actively used in Chinese and Tibetan medicine, which recommended it for dysentery, eczema, and diseases of the joints. In cold rainy springs, it grows slowly and develops poorly. The popularity of the series used to be so great that it was harvested in 29 provinces of tsarist Russia. Used only domestically; in the West, its therapeutic effect was not recognized, but it was actively used in Chinese and Tibetan medicine, which recommended it for dysentery, eczema, and diseases of the joints. In cold rainy springs, it grows slowly and develops poorly. The popularity of the series used to be so great that it was harvested in 29 provinces of tsarist Russia. Used only domestically; in the West, its therapeutic effect was not recognized, but it was actively used in Chinese and Tibetan medicine, which recommended it for dysentery, eczema, and diseases of the joints.
COLLECTION AND DRYING OF RAW MATERIALS
Medicinal raw materials are the tops of stems and lateral branches no more than 15 cm long and all leaves (Herba Bidentis) collected during the budding period in the first half of June. Raw materials harvested during the flowering period become unusable after drying, since when dried under natural conditions, flowering continues and the baskets become prickly. In such cases, only lateral branches are cut without darkened fruit-bearing baskets. Drying is carried out in dryers at a temperature of 40-45 ° C or in the shade under sheds, in attics with good ventilation, laying out a layer of 5-7 cm. At the beginning of drying, the raw materials are turned over every day. When the stems begin to break, the drying of the raw materials is stopped. The shelf life of raw materials is 2 years. The smell of raw materials is specific, aggravated by rubbing. The taste is tart, with a pungent aftertaste. The main areas for harvesting wild-growing string are in Belarus, Ukraine, the Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories of Russia. It is not allowed to collect and use other types of string for medicinal purposes. There is a series of radial (Bidens radiata Thuill.) and a series of drooping (Bidens cernua L.). The first has wider and flatter baskets, numerous leaves of the wrapper. The second type is distinguished by drooping baskets, whole serrate-toothed leaves. Its achenes are equipped with 41, and not 2, as in the tripartite succession, setae. The second type is distinguished by drooping baskets, whole serrate-toothed leaves. Its achenes are equipped with 41, and not 2, as in the tripartite succession, setae. The second type is distinguished by drooping baskets, whole serrate-toothed leaves. Its achenes are equipped with 41, and not 2, as in the tripartite succession, setae.
PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Grass succession has diuretic and diaphoretic properties, improves digestion, normalizes impaired metabolism. Medicinal properties of the products of the series, to a certain extent, apparently, are due to the presence of ascorbic acid and manganese, which are important in the physiological transformations of substances. Manganese ions in the composition of enzyme systems affect the processes of hematopoiesis, blood clotting, and the activity of the endocrine glands. Oily extracts of herb succession, containing significant amounts of carotene, insoluble in water, but highly soluble in fats, have anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties. Tannins, up to 66% of which are polyphenols, give the plant pronounced bactericidal properties.
APPLICATIONS IN MEDICINE
Aboveground part. Infusion, tincture – in case of metabolic disorders, as a means of improving appetite and digestion, mild diaphoretic, diuretic, choleretic and sedative; as a means to lower blood pressure; externally (in the form of baths and washings) – with rickets, gout, arthritis and exudative diathesis. In folk medicine, infusion, decoction (inside) – for diseases of the liver, spleen, bronchitis, diabetes, poor digestion, colds; as a diuretic for inflammation of the bladder. Inside and out – with scrofula, rickets, acne, pimples, boils and other pustular diseases. Outwardly (in the form of lotions, general baths, baths) – for furunculosis, neurodermatitis, eczema, seborrhea. Fresh (pounded) applied to infected wounds and ulcers.
DOSAGE FORMS, METHOD OF APPLICATION AND DOSES
Infusion of herb string (Infusum herbae Bidentis): 10 g (3 tablespoons) of raw materials are placed in an enamel bowl, pour 200 ml of hot boiled water, heated in a boiling water bath for 15 minutes, cooled at room temperature for 45 minutes, filtered, squeezed. The volume of the infusion is adjusted with boiled water to 200 ml. Take 1/3-1/2 cup 3 times every day after meals as an anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic agent. The prepared infusion is stored in a cool place for no more than 2 days. For a bath, after 10 liters of water, take 1 glass of infusion. Briquettes of string grass (Bricetum herbae Bidentis) are produced in the form of rectangular tiles weighing 75 g, divided into 10 slices. One slice is poured with a glass of boiling water, insisted for 10 minutes, filtered. For a bath, take 1 glass. Inside take 1 tablespoon in the morning and evening. 1 tablespoon of raw materials is poured into 200 ml of boiling water, boiled for 20 minutes, then filtered. Take 1 tablespoon 2-3 times every day.
APPLICATIONS IN OTHER FIELDS
From the leaves and flowers of the series, a bright yellow, cream and brown dye is obtained for dyeing silk and woolen fabrics. Used in veterinary medicine. At a young age, it is well eaten by pigs. Autumn supporting honey plant. Cultivated.
ELEMENTS OF AGROTECHNICAL CULTIVATION
Moist, well-drained areas are allotted for succession. The best predecessors are crops. When digging the soil, 4 kg of manure and compost and 3 g of complete mineral fertilizer per 1 m 2 are added . The optimal period for sowing seeds is 1-1.5 months before the onset of stable cold weather. During the winter sowing, the seeds are scarified and stratified. They are sown with row spacing of 60 cm, planting to a depth of 2.5-3 cm. Care of crops consists in loosening the soil 4-5 times to a depth of 5-8 cm and weeding.