Pear-shaped plastered

Popular names: Siberian pineapple, wax, jida.

Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Shrub or strongly branched tree with a curved trunk of the Elaeagnaceae family, up to 10 m high. The bark on young branches is silver-gray, on old branches it is dark gray or brown, covered with thorns. The leaves are simple, alternate, linear or linear-lanceolate, short-petiolate, with curled smooth edges, shiny, grayish-green above, silver-whitish below. The plant is dioecious. It is almost impossible to distinguish between female and male sea buckthorn on young trees. Only at the 5-6th year of life, with the entry into the fruiting period, the distinguishing features become clearly visible: flower buds in male specimens are large, rounded, covered with several scales;in women they are smaller and covered with two scales. Blossoms in April – May simultaneously with the blooming of the leaves. Sea buckthorn flowers are small, yellow, fragrant, same-sex: in males they are collected in short spikes, in females – in short brushes in the axils of shortened branches. The fruits are round, juicy, shiny drupes of yellow or orange color, sitting tightly on the branches between the spines, ripen in September – October. Annually and abundantly begins to bear fruit from 4-5 years of age. Propagated by seeds and vegetatively (root suckers and cuttings).The natural distribution area is huge: it grows in Eastern and Western Siberia, in the mountains of Central Asia, the Caucasus, Western Europe, Asia Minor, the Himalayas, and Mongolia. It grows especially well in areas with an increased level of groundwater and flowing moisture. On the roots of sea buckthorn there are nitrogen-fixing nodules. The fruits are round, juicy, shiny drupes of yellow or orange color, sitting tightly on the branches between the spines, ripen in September – October. Annually and abundantly begins to bear fruit from 4-5 years of age. Propagated by seeds and vegetatively (root suckers and cuttings).The natural distribution area is huge: it grows in Eastern and Western Siberia, in the mountains of Central Asia, the Caucasus, Western Europe, Asia Minor, the Himalayas, and Mongolia. It grows especially well in areas with an increased level of groundwater and flowing moisture. On the roots of sea buckthorn there are nitrogen-fixing nodules. The fruits are round, juicy, shiny drupes of yellow or orange color, sitting tightly on the branches between the spines, ripen in September – October. Annually and abundantly begins to bear fruit from 4-5 years of age. Propagated by seeds and vegetatively (root suckers and cuttings).The natural distribution area is huge: it grows in Eastern and Western Siberia, in the mountains of Central Asia, the Caucasus, Western Europe, Asia Minor, the Himalayas, and Mongolia. It grows especially well in areas with an increased level of groundwater and flowing moisture. On the roots of sea buckthorn there are nitrogen-fixing nodules. Propagated by seeds and vegetatively (root suckers and cuttings). The natural distribution area is huge: it grows in Eastern and Western Siberia, in the mountains of Central Asia, the Caucasus, Western Europe, Asia Minor, the Himalayas, and Mongolia. It grows especially well in areas with an increased level of groundwater and flowing moisture. On the roots of sea buckthorn there are nitrogen-fixing nodules.Propagated by seeds and vegetatively (root suckers and cuttings). The natural distribution area is huge: it grows in Eastern and Western Siberia, in the mountains of Central Asia, the Caucasus, Western Europe, Asia Minor, the Himalayas, and Mongolia. It grows especially well in areas with an increased level of groundwater and flowing moisture. On the roots of sea buckthorn there are nitrogen-fixing nodules.

COLLECTION AND DRYING OF RAW MATERIALS

Medicinal raw materials are the fruits of sea buckthorn. The collection of fruits begins during their ripening, when they acquire their characteristic color, are elastic and do not crush when plucked. It is not necessary to delay the collection of fruits, as overripe fruits become soft, crushed in the hands, turning into a sticky mass. Collection can be carried out only in dry weather. Fresh fruits are stored in a cool, dark place for no more than 3 days. When stored frozen in a cool place, the shelf life is up to 6 months. After that, the fruits are sent for processing. The oil is obtained from ripe fruits, carefully squeezing the juice. The mass (pulp) is dried, stirring evenly and often, preventing it from becoming moldy.You can dry the pulp in a dryer or oven at a temperature not exceeding 50°C. The dried pulp is ground in a coffee grinder or mortar and poured with any vegetable oil in a ratio of 1:15 (by weight). Insist, stirring occasionally, 3 weeks at room temperature. After 3 weeks, the liquid part is drained. The resulting sea buckthorn oil is ready for use.

PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

It has been established that sea buckthorn oil accelerates the process of wound healing, and the most biologically active part of the oil is sterols. The direct effect of sea buckthorn oil on the wound stimulates recovery processes. It was revealed that it has an antibacterial property, inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia, Proteus, Hemolytic Streptococcus. Sea buckthorn oil also has a positive effect on the lipid metabolism of the liver, the reaction of lipid peroxidation in membranes, thanks to tocopherols it protects biological membranes from the damaging effects of chemical agents. Sea buckthorn oil also interferes with the development of the atherosclerotic process, while the content of total cholesterol, beta-lipoproteins and total lipids in blood serum.

APPLICATIONS IN MEDICINE

Wood. In Indo-Tibetan medicine – hemostatic, antipyretic and analgesic; ash – with intestinal colic. Bark (trunks, branches). The alcohol extract and the product “Hippofaine” (5-hydroxytryptamine hydrochloride) inhibit the growth of sarcoma, Ehrlich’s tumors and other forms of cancer in the experiment. “Gippofain” exhibits hypotensive and stimulating properties, when administered subcutaneously, it inhibits diuresis and increases intestinal tone. Branches. Decoction – to strengthen hair. Branches, leaves. In Mongolia – an extract for the treatment of colitis, enterocolitis and diarrhea. Branches, fruits. A decoction inside and out – with alopecia, hyperkeratosis of the scalp and in cosmetics. Leaves.With gastrointestinal and skin diseases. In Central Asia, poultices and lotions are used for rheumatism. Leaves, flowers, fruits. For rashes, gout and rheumatism. flowers. In Tajikistan – a cosmetic product, softening skin. fruits. In Indo-Tibetan medicine alone and as part of recipes – as a hemostatic, anti-inflammatory; in diseases of the lungs, organs of the gastrointestinal tract, heart, blood, diseases caused by metabolic disorders, for the treatment of diseases of the throat and with aphonia; oily extract – for liver diseases, inflammatory processes, impaired digestibility and absorption in the organs of the gastrointestinal tract; externally – with hematomas and hemorrhages.In folk medicine, juice, syrup, infusion, decoction, tincture and sea buckthorn oil are an analgesic, wound healing and multivitamin remedy for beriberi A and C, peptic ulcer and other diseases of the stomach, dysentery, cancer; as a means of regulating metabolism and fish oil substitute; in carbon monoxide poisoning. Outwardly – for rashes, eczema, lupus and other skin diseases; for the treatment of long-term non-healing wounds, trophic ulcers, infectious diseases, cervical erosion; with burns and frostbite. Sea buckthorn oil is used externally for the treatment of burns, bedsores, radiation damage to the skin; for inhalation – for chronic inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract;in gynecology – with colpitis, endocervicitis and cervical erosion; inside – with radiation therapy for cancer of the esophagus and the treatment of stomach ulcers. Sea buckthorn oil, juice, extract, water extract – a multivitamin remedy for hypovitaminosis, for the prevention and treatment of premature aging and muscle dystrophy; as an anti-sclerotic agent that affects lipid metabolism and reduces the content of cholesterol, lipoproteins and total lipids in the blood serum; also used for coronary heart disease, to normalize blood pressure, gastritis, for antitumor prophylaxis. recommended for external use; inside and intramuscularly in dermatology – with phlegmanous acne, eczema, psoriasis, lupus ulcer, chronic dermatosis, leg ulcer;in dentistry – with radiation damage to the oral mucosa, long-term non-healing ulcers, periodontal disease; as part of recipes – with glossitis; in ophthalmology – for the treatment of rosaceakeratitis, scrofulous keratitis, trachoma, burns and injuries of the eyelids, conjunctiva and cornea (burns with lime, acids, thermal burns); with hypo- and avitaminosis A. Juice is hemostatic, wound healing, exhibits a vasoconstrictive effect. Recommended as a multivitamin also as an additional remedy – in the treatment of toxic liver damage and hyposecretory gastritis. Seeds. The decoction is a mild laxative.

DOSAGE FORMS, METHOD OF APPLICATION AND DOSES

Sea buckthorn oil (Oleum Hippopheae) is available in bottles of 50, 100 and 200 ml. In the treatment of burns, bedsores, radiation damage to the skin, sea buckthorn oil is applied to the ulcerative surface cleaned from plaque and a gauze bandage is applied, which is changed every other day. Before applying the oil, the ulcerative surface is washed with a solution of penicillin. In radiation therapy for esophageal cancer, sea buckthorn oil is prescribed 1/2 tablespoon 2-3 times every day throughout the course of treatment and at the end of it – another 2-3 weeks. In the treatment of gastric ulcer, 1 teaspoon is prescribed 2-3 times every day 30-40 minutes before meals. In the treatment of cervical erosion, cotton swabs are used, abundantly moistened with oil (5-10 ml per swab).Tampons are changed every day. With colpitis and endocervicitis, cotton balls are used. The course of treatment for colpitis – 10-15 procedures, for endocervicitis and cervical erosion – 8-10 procedures. If necessary, the course of treatment is repeated after 4-6 weeks. Store sea buckthorn oil in a cool (4°C), dark place. sea ​​buckthorn fruits: 20 g of raw materials are boiled in 250 ml of water for 20 minutes, then filtered. Applied externally for hair loss. ♦ Infusion of fruits and leaves of sea buckthorn: 20 g of fruits and leaves are infused in 250 ml of warm boiled water for 6 hours, then filtered.Take 1/4 cup 3 times every day.♦ Decoction of sea buckthorn leaves and branches: boil 10 g of crushed sea buckthorn leaves and branches in 250 ml of water for 20 minutes, then filter. Take 1/2 tablespoon 4 times every day for diarrhea.♦ Decoction of sea buckthorn seeds: 10-15 g of raw materials are boiled in 250 ml of water for 10 minutes on low heat, insisted for 2 hours, then filtered. Take 1 tablespoon 3-4 times every day for constipation. ♦ Juice from the leaves and fruits of sea buckthorn: take 1/2 cup of juice and milk with a tablespoon of honey 3 times every day before meals.It is not recommended to use it with increased acidity of gastric juice. CONTRAINDICATIONS AND POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS: it is not recommended to take medicinal forms of sea buckthorn with hypersensitivity to this plant, acute diseases of the pancreas, gallbladder, liver, as well as with a tendency to diarrhea. take 1/2 cup of juice and milk with a tablespoon of honey 3 times every day before meals. It is not recommended to use it with increased acidity of gastric juice. CONTRAINDICATIONS AND POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS: it is not recommended to take medicinal forms of sea buckthorn with hypersensitivity to this plant, acute diseases of the pancreas, gallbladder, liver, as well as with a tendency to diarrhea. take 1/2 cup of juice and milk with a tablespoon of honey 3 times every day before meals.It is not recommended to use it with increased acidity of gastric juice. CONTRAINDICATIONS AND POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS: it is not recommended to take medicinal forms of sea buckthorn with hypersensitivity to this plant, acute diseases of the pancreas, gallbladder, liver, as well as with a tendency to diarrhea.

APPLICATIONS IN OTHER FIELDS

Wood ash is a source of potash and soda. The bark of trunks and branches is suitable for tanning. Branches and leaves can be used to stain fabric in all sorts of colors. In ancient Greece – food for horses and sheep in order to give their coat a gloss and a beautiful shade. Fruits in the food industry and in everyday life are used fresh and frozen, also for the production of sea buckthorn oil, pure and mixed juices, puree, jelly, jam, marshmallow, jam, marmalade, fillings for sweets, jelly, syrup, jam , sea buckthorn honey; for vitaminization and flavoring of fruit and vegetable preserves and medicines; obtaining pectin and cake for animal husbandry. Suitable for obtaining malic acid and essential oil.They can be used in the production of canned fish as a substitute for vinegar and lemon. Fabrics are dyed with mordant in all sorts of tones. Multivitamin feed for animals and birds, replenishes protein and vitamin deficiency and normalizes metabolism; has a positive effect on the egg production of poultry, on the weight gain of piglets and lambs, reduces the loss of small cattle, improves the quality of the fur of fur-bearing animals. honey plant. decorative. Soil conditioner, enriches the soil with bound nitrogen on dump soil mixtures. On cultural plantations for the 3-5th year of cultivation, 3-9 kg of fruits are obtained from one tree, in subsequent years – 16-25 kg. improves the quality of fur in fur-bearing animals.honey plant. decorative. Soil conditioner, enriches the soil with bound nitrogen on dump soil mixtures. On cultural plantations for the 3-5th year of cultivation, 3-9 kg of fruits are obtained from one tree, in subsequent years – 16-25 kg. improves the quality of fur in fur-bearing animals. honey plant. decorative. Soil conditioner, enriches the soil with bound nitrogen on dump soil mixtures. On cultural plantations for the 3-5th year of cultivation, 3-9 kg of fruits are obtained from one tree, in subsequent years – 16-25 kg.

ELEMENTS OF AGROTECHNICAL CULTIVATION

Sea buckthorn is a light-loving plant, it does not tolerate shading by other plants, therefore it is planted in an open area. It grows well and bears fruit on light, fertile soils with a neutral reaction of the environment. Groundwater in the places of its landing should not come closer than 0.5-1 m to the soil plane. On heavy soils, sea buckthorn undergoes Fusarium wilt. Heavy clay soils should be cultivated. To do this, 1 m 3 is added to the soil per 10 m 2river sand, 200 kg of compost and 80 g of superphosphate are evenly mixed and scattered over the site. Then a deep 2-fold digging is carried out so that the soil mixes well with sand, compost and superphosphate. When propagated by root offspring, offspring of the second year are spudded in spring to a height of up to 25 cm, systematically watered, by autumn they form a root system. The offspring are separated so as not to damage the root of the mother plant. When planting, they dig holes 40 cm deep, 60 cm wide, fill them with fertilizers (10 kg of humus, 200 g of superphosphate and 200 g of ash). The best planting period is early spring, the planting pattern is 3×2.For planting, biennial or well-developed annual seedlings are used with a height of at least 50-60 cm with a stem diameter at the root collar of 8-10 mm. For 6-8 female plants, there should be one male. Seedlings are planted vertically 10-15 cm deeper than they grew in the nursery (with all this, a new layer of roots appears). After planting, water abundantly and mulch the soil. After planting, seedlings are not pruned (with the exception of single-stemmed plants, which are shortened to encourage them to branch). The shape of the crown in the form of a bush allows you to get the highest yield and facilitates harvesting. During the care near the bushes, the soil is systematically loosened to a depth of no more than 6-8 cm. Weeds are removed.Once every 3 years, manure is introduced into the soil (at least one bucket), superphosphate (150 g per 1 m to encourage them to branch). The shape of the crown in the form of a bush allows you to get the highest yield and facilitates harvesting. During the care near the bushes, the soil is systematically loosened to a depth of no more than 6-8 cm. Weeds are removed. Once every 3 years, manure is introduced into the soil (at least one bucket), superphosphate (150 g per 1 m to encourage them to branch). The shape of the crown in the form of a bush allows you to get the highest yield and facilitates harvesting. During the care near the bushes, the soil is systematically loosened to a depth of no more than 6-8 cm. Weeds are removed.Once every 3 years, manure is introduced into the soil (at least one bucket), superphosphate (150 g per 1 m 2 trunk circle). Fertilizers are mixed with the top layer of soil to a depth of 6-8 cm. Sanitary and rejuvenating pruning is carried out periodically. M. A. Lisavenko. Currently, the following varieties are most common: News of Altai, Vitamin, Golden cob, Gift of Katun, Oil, Chui, Orange, Abundant, Golden, Excellent, Giant, Nugget, Amber, Obskaya, etc.

TASTY TIPS

Pumpkin-sea buckthorn cheese.

Sprinkle chopped pumpkin (500 g) with sugar (25 g), leave for 2-3 hours, drain the separated juice. Then add sugar (80 g), sea buckthorn juice (100 ml) to the pumpkin and cook over low heat until thickened. Put the finished mass on a dense fabric, shape, put under pressure for 2-3 days. Sprinkle the finished cheese with chopped dill seeds.

Sea buckthorn compote.

Sort freshly picked fruits (preferably slightly unripe), cut off the stalks, wash thoroughly in water and discard on a sieve. Then pour them into hot sterilized jars, pour hot 45% sugar syrup and pasteurize in hot water: half a liter – 10 minutes, liter – 15 minutes.

Sea buckthorn jam.

Sort the fruits (1 kg), remove the stalks, wash in cold water and discard on a sieve, pour into a saucepan, pour hot 65% sugar syrup and soak in it for 3-4 hours, then separate from the syrup. Bring the syrup to a temperature of 106-107°C, then cool it down a little, put the fruits in it and cook over low heat until tender. Signs of jam readiness: the fruits are evenly distributed in the syrup and do not float, the syrup is transparent, a drop of it, applied to a cold saucer, does not blur. Pack the jam in dry sterilized jars and roll up.

Sea buckthorn jam.

Add sugar (1-1.2 kg) to the sorted and washed fruits (1 kg), heat over low heat until it dissolves, then add fire and, stirring the mass, cook the jam until cooked, pack hot in sterilized hot dry jars, cork.

Sea buckthorn puree with sugar.

Sort the fruits (1 kg), wash in cold water, pour a thin layer on a sieve and let dry, then rub through a stainless steel sieve. Add sugar (0.8-1 kg), mix thoroughly, heat up to 70°C and immediately package in hot dry sterilized glass jars. Then cover the jars with canning lids and pasteurize in boiling water: half-liter – 20 minutes, liter – 25-30 minutes. Cork.

Pureed sea buckthorn with apples.

Prepare sea buckthorn puree (1 kg). Wash sweet and sour apples (300-400 g), cut into slices, put in an enamel bowl, add water (200 ml) and, heating to a boil, boil for 8-15 minutes. Rub hot boiled fruits through a stainless steel sieve, add mashed potatoes and granulated sugar (600-750 g). Mix the mass thoroughly, heat up to 70°C and immediately package in hot dry sterilized glass jars. Cover jars with lids and pasteurize in boiling water: half-liter – 20 minutes, liter – 30 minutes. Cork.

Sea buckthorn with hawthorn, pureed with sugar.

Blanch hawthorn fruit pulp in boiling water and rub through a stainless steel sieve or pass through a meat grinder. To the puree of sea buckthorn (1 kg), add grated hawthorn (600 g) and sugar (400-600 g). Mix thoroughly, heat to 70°C and pour into prepared jars. Pasteurize in boiling water: half-liter jars – 20 minutes, liter – 30 minutes. Cork.

Sea buckthorn jelly.

Heat sea buckthorn juice (1 l) in a saucepan to 70 °C, add sugar (600-900 g), stir until it is completely dissolved, bring to a boil and boil until tender, gradually reducing the heat. Pour hot jelly into hot dry sterilized jars and roll up immediately.

Butter with sea buckthorn.

Add sugar (350 g) and sea buckthorn puree (400 g) to fresh butter (1 kg). Whisk the mixture vigorously for half an hour. Store in a cool place. Use for sandwiches.

Cocktail Nega.

Cool sea buckthorn-apple juice (75 ml) and sparkling water (50 ml), mix in a shaker or mixer shortly before serving.

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *