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Leukocytosis is an increase in the absolute content of leukocytes in peripheral blood. Physiological leukocytosis is observed after eating, muscle work, etc. Pathological symptomatic leukocytosis develops during purulent-inflammatory processes, a number of infectious diseases under the influence of specific pathogens or as a result of the reaction of the bone marrow to tissue breakdown caused by toxic effects […]

A leukoma is a white spot on the cornea of ​​the eye. The reasons It occurs as a result of severe inflammatory processes, accompanied by deep damage to the corneal tissue, the formation of ulcers (gonorrhea, trachoma, tuberculosis, syphilis, etc.), or as a consequence of an eye injury. Less commonly, leukoma is congenital (inflammatory processes transferred in

Leukodystrophies are hereditary diseases of the nervous system characterized by impaired myelogenesis due to a genetically determined enzyme defect. In this case, the breakdown of myelin occurs and the process of myelination is disrupted; there is a symmetrical lesion of the white matter of the brain and spinal cord. Leukodystrophies are inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, some forms

Leukemia (blood cancer, leukemia, lymphosarcoma) is a whole group of tumors characterized by uncontrolled proliferation and varying degrees of differentiation of hematopoietic cells. With all this, leukemic cells are descendants, clones of one mutated cell. Causes of leukemia The cause of leukemia, as a rule, are chromosomal aberrations, i.e. changes in the structure of chromosomes as a result

Cor pulmonale is a state of overload and hypertrophy of the right parts of the heart, which occurs in chronic non-specific lung diseases, pulmonary embolism, etc. It is based on an increase in pressure in the pulmonary circulation. There are acute (over several hours, days), subacute (over several weeks, months) and chronic (over many years) development of

Pulmonary hypertension is an increase in pressure in the vessels of the pulmonary circulation in certain chronic lung diseases, heart defects, etc. Varieties of pulmonary hypertension arterial (PAH), venous (LVG), pulmonary hypertension in combination with diseases of the respiratory system and / or with hypoxemia, pulmonary hypertension due to chronic thrombosis and / or thromboembolism of

Legionellosis (legionnaires’ disease, Pittsburgh pneumonia, Pontian fever, legionella infection) is an acute infectious disease caused by various types of legionella, characterized by fever, severe general intoxication, severe course, damage to the lungs, central nervous system, and digestive organs. In the US, Legionella causes up to 1.5% of all acute pneumonias. Legionella are Gram-negative bacteria that are widespread

Laryngitis (laryngitis, Greek larynx, laryngos larynx + -itis) is an inflammation of the larynx. There are acute and chronic laryngitis. Most often, it is one of the symptoms of SARS, influenza, scarlet fever, whooping cough. The symptom is laryngitis The vocal cords with laryngitis lose their ability to vibrate, the person’s voice becomes hoarse or completely lost. Breathing becomes

Lactostasis is the stagnation of milk in one or more areas of the mammary gland. This condition is manifested by compaction of the gland tissue and pain – especially during palpation. A network of dilated veins is visible on the skin of the corresponding chest area. The tension and soreness of the areas of the gland can persist even

A small, corresponding to a hypertrophied lobule of the gland, a tumor detected in pregnant or lactating women. This form of mastopathy occurs in pregnant and breastfeeding women. The tumor affects the lobules or groups of alveoli, causing an increase in their size, but milk continues to be secreted. Usually, such a tumor disappears after the