Perennial herbaceous plant up to 60 cm tall. The roots are thin, numerous, on a thick creeping rhizome. Stem – straight, thin, glabrous or pubescent. The leaves are alternate, stem, sessile, basal, cuttings, linear, twice-thrice pinnately dissected with pointed lobules. The flowers are small, marginal white, reed, medium – tubular, yellow, collected in baskets and thyroid inflorescences. Receptacle convex, membranous. The fruits are brown achenes, white-edged. It blooms from June to September. It occurs almost throughout the entire territory. It grows mainly in meadows, forest edges, on hillsides, etc.
Medicinal raw materials are tops of inflorescences, leaves (grass) and roots. Grass is harvested during the flowering period. Dry in the usual way.
In the leaves of the plant there is an alkaloid achillein, in the leaves and inflorescences there is an essential oil containing proazulene, pinenes, borneol, esters and many others. others
The smell of raw materials is peculiar, fragrant, the taste is bitter, astringent. Shelf life is 2 years. It has been proven that achillein increases blood clotting, and azulene has anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic effects and accelerates wound healing. The mechanism of the hemostatic action of yarrow is based on an increase in the number of trosibacites and a shortening of the time to stop bleeding. In addition, yarrow enhances the contraction of the uterine muscles, which determines its effectiveness in uterine bleeding.
It has been established that 0.5% yarrow infusion increases blood clotting by 60%, which exceeds the effect of calcium chloride in concentrations of 1:200, 1:500. The mechanism of the hemostatic action of yarrow is similar to the action of calcium salts, i.e. it activates and never gives thrombosis, its effect is moderate, long-term.
The plant has a vasodilating effect and analgesic for gastrointestinal diseases. It is used for all kinds of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, in particular for ulcers and gastritis, it has a beneficial effect on the entire body, normalizes secretory-motor processes. Herbal preparations are used as bitterness to increase appetite and as a hemostatic agent for internal bleeding – intestinal, pulmonary, hemorrhoidal, uterine, nasal, bleeding from the gums and wounds.
In addition to the indicated indications, yarrow products are used as a sedative, for neurasthenia, hysteria in the form of decoctions, infusions, extracts; included in all fees.
In official medicine, yarrow is used as an anti-inflammatory, hemostatic and wound healing agent for gastritis, stomach ulcers and as an excitatory center of the secretory nerves of the stomach, as well as for atherosclerosis, influenza and catarrh of the upper respiratory tract.
In folk medicine, yarrow has been used for a very long time both for poor appetite and for the treatment of a wide variety of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: gastritis, peptic ulcer, digestive disorders, gallstone disease, liver disease, acute bronchitis, headache, scrofula, fright , kidney disease, bedwetting, hemorrhoids; to stop bleeding and accelerate wound healing, with pustular skin lesions, all kinds of diathesis, with eczema, they drink a decoction and make lotions on the affected areas and treat many others. other diseases.
In addition to the above, yarrow is used to increase the amount of milk in nursing mothers and as a diaphoretic and diuretic, with palpitations.
Application
Decoction of the mixture: 2 tbsp. spoons of yarrow, 1 tbsp. calamus root spoon, 1 tbsp. spoon of birch buds, 2 tbsp. spoons of bearberry leaves are mixed and 2 tbsp. spoons of this mixture pour 0.5 liters of water, boil for 5-7 minutes, remove from heat, leave for 30 minutes, filter and drink the whole broth throughout the day in 4 divided doses for inflammation of the bladder.
Infusion: pour 20 g of chopped herbs into 300 ml of water at room temperature, boil for 15 minutes in a closed form and let it brew for 60 minutes, strain. Take 1 tbsp. spoon 3-4 times every day to improve digestion, as a hemostatic inside and out. Store the infusion in a cool place for 3-4 days.
Yarrow flower tea 15 g per 200 ml, 3 cups every day for uterine diseases and hemoptysis.
Yarrow herb juice and rue juice, 25 drops each, are drunk diluted in grape or other low-strength wine for cardiac arrhythmias.
Fresh juice is best consumed with honey to taste, 3 teaspoons every day.
Tincture: 30%; 40-50 drops 3 times every day.
Ointment 1 (in winter): 1 part tincture to 4 parts vaseline (mix well).
Ointment 2 (in summer): take a handful of flowers and leaves, pound in a mortar until a homogeneous mass is obtained, and mix almost in half with melted unsalted pork fat (lard).
It is better to use freshly prepared ointment.
The powder from the roots is excellent for poorly healing wounds, the juice from the leaves for bleeding and for the treatment of wounds, old ulcers, etc.
Yarrow leaf tea is drunk for hemorrhoids, boils at a dose of 30 g per 1 liter of water.