Perennial herbaceous glabrous plant of the tyrlichaceae family. The stem is erect, simple, 50-120 cm tall. The leaves are opposite, elliptic or broadly elliptic, entire, up to 30 cm long and up to 15 cm wide, with 5-7 longitudinal veins; the lower leaves are short-petiolate, the upper ones are sessile, semi-stem-wrapping. The flowers are regular, bisexual, on long stems, collected in axillary umbels of 3-11 flowers; calyx membranous, brownish-yellowish, two- or five-toothed, on one side almost to the base incised; corolla wheel-shaped, gill-split, 6-7 cm long, yellow, with a short tube and 5-6 narrow-lanceolate, pointed blades, several times longer than the tube. The fruit is an elongated capsule. Blooms from June to August.
Distribution . Yellow tyrlich is a very rare, disappearing plant. It grows in the Carpathians on meadows, in thickets of crooked green alder. Listed in the Red Book of Ukraine. The positive experience of botanical gardens in the introduction of cypress into culture deserves attention.
Procurement and storage . For the production of medicines, the roots of gentian (Radix Gentianae) are used, which are harvested in early spring or autumn, digging up plants at least 4 years old (on plantations, gentian roots are dug up in the fifth or sixth year of cultivation). The collected raw materials are shaken off the ground, freed from the stems, washed in cold water, cut into pieces 15 cm long, if necessary split in half and dried in the sun, and in adverse weather conditions – in a warm room or in a dryer at a temperature of 50-60° . It is necessary to dry the raw materials as quickly as possible, because with slow drying (fermentation) the transformation of bitter glycosides occurs, and the raw materials lose their medicinal properties. The finished raw materials are stored in dry, cool rooms with good ventilation. The shelf life is 5 years.
Chemical composition . St. John’s wort roots contain bitter glycosides (gentiopicrin, amarogentin), yellow dye gentisine, alkaloids, trisaccharide gentianose, disaccharide gentsobiose, fatty oil, resinous and pectin substances, and ascorbic acid.
Pharmacological properties and use. St. John’s wort preparations improve the functional activity of the digestive organs (stimulate appetite, stimulate the secretion of gastric glands, slightly increase the motility of the digestive tract), have anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties, and show an anthelmintic effect on Tohosara canis. Experimental studies have also established the cholagogue and choleretic properties of the products of St. John’s wort, their ability to strengthen heart contractions. It is especially effective to use yellow gorse for indigestion, accompanied by lack of appetite, achilles and dyspeptic symptoms, as well as for anemia and jaundice. In addition, yellow cypress is an effective tonic for convalescent patients. In folk medicine, yellow yarrow is used for general strengthening of the body, stimulation of the liver and gall bladder, for pale weakness in underdeveloped girls, for scurvy and arthritis of various origins, diseases of the spleen, jaundice, heartburn, regurgitation and catarrh of the stomach, for flatulence, dysentery and constipation and as an antipyretic in colds of the respiratory organs and as a means to promote longevity. Often, yellow yarrow is used in combination with other medicinal plants that improve digestion. When used externally, the products of tyrlich are an effective remedy for smelly sweating of the feet, and promote the healing of purulent wounds. Often, yellow yarrow is used in combination with other medicinal plants that improve digestion. When used externally, the products of tyrlich are an effective remedy for smelly sweating of the feet, and promote the healing of purulent wounds. Often, yellow yarrow is used in combination with other medicinal plants that improve digestion. When used externally, the products of tyrlich are an effective remedy for smelly sweating of the feet, and promote the healing of purulent wounds.
Medicinal forms and applications .
Internally – root decoction (10 g, or 1 tablespoon of raw material per 200 ml of boiling water) 1 tablespoon 3 times a day 30-40 minutes before meals;
root infusion (half a teaspoon of raw material is infused for 8 hours in 400 ml of cold boiled water, filtered) half a glass 3-4 times a day 30-60 minutes before meals;
3 teaspoons of a mixture (equally) of the roots of yellow yarrow, common yarrow grass, and small yarrow are poured with 3 glasses of cold water, boiled for 10 minutes, and the resulting decoction is drunk during the day in case of lack of appetite, in case of chlorosis, gastritis, achilles of the stomach, spastic colitis, and diarrhea ;
a tablespoon of a mixture of the roots of yellow cypress, St. John’s wort, common buckwheat and goose’s finger, taken in a ratio of 1:1:3:3, infuse for 20 minutes in 250 ml of boiling water and drink 2-3 glasses a day in case of diabetes insipidus.
Externally , purulent wounds are washed with a decoction of the roots (prepared as in the previous recipe) or sprinkled with powder from the roots of yellow sedum, mixed equally with the powder of medicinal chamomile flowers);
foot baths in a hot decoction (5 tablespoons of a mixture of the roots of the yellow cypress and the bark of the common oak, taken in a ratio of 1:3, per 1 liter of boiling water) are taken every day before going to bed with smelly sweating of the feet.
It should be remembered that large doses of yellow gorse can cause vomiting and deterioration of digestive organs.